The article I chose was published in The New York Times on October 8, 2020 and is titled How a Human Cell Becomes an Infectious Virus. This article discusses the process of how a human cell becomes an infectious virus. It specifically focuses on the role of proteins and interactions between them to explain this transformation.
The article begins with a brief introduction of viruses and their basic structure. It explains that they are made up of genetic material surrounded by either a protein shell or lipid envelope which gives them their distinct shapes. Viruses have been around since prehistoric times, however we still do not understand exactly how they replicate themselves and spread infection in humans. In order to gain more understanding about this process, scientists study different types of viruses, including the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 which is responsible for the current pandemic.
The main focus of the article then shifts to explaining what happens when a human cell gets infected by a virus such as SARS-CoV-2. Researchers first discovered that there are two stages in this process: attachment and entry followed by replication/assembly/release (RAR). During attachment and entry, viral particles attach themselves to specific molecules on the outer surface of our cells called receptors before entering into it using some kind of “door” such as ion channels or transporters embedded within these receptors. Once inside our cells, viral proteins known as replicase complexes start making copies of genetic material from these viruses – RNA or DNA – while others initiate assembly processes which enable formation new viruses particles capable spreading inside us further via release through budding off from host cell membranes into extracellular space where they can subsequently infect other cells; thus completing cycle allowing virus further propagation throughout body leading ultimately infection development symptoms if immune system unable fight against it successfully
To better understand this complex RAR process, researchers studied various proteins involved at each stage through experiments conducted in laboratory settings as well experimentally manipulated mice models too obtain even more insight regarding its behaviors dynamics under conditions more closely similar ones present nature context . They found out that certain cellular enzymes were crucial for successful completion each step especially those involved production energy necessary fuel both construction newly formed viruses readying them eventual release into environment alongside creation triggers initiate actual release act itself enabling natural dispersion take place effectively proliferating pathogen population its respective host Furthermore , findings also discovered potential vulnerabilities emerging during specific points along way based upon certain faulty actions taken part individual components perhaps due improper regulation etcetera potentially providing avenues possible pharmacological therapies targeting particular steps affect better management disease progression preventing associated morbidity mortality caused same
In conclusion , though much still remains unknown about exact mechanisms governing entire life cycle pathogens including ones like SARS‐CoV‐2 mentioned earlier already numerous strides have made uncovering secrets behind intricate biochemical pathways drive proliferation infections help pave road towards effective treatments may be employed facing future similar outbreaks around world . Through combined collaboration multi disciplinary teams working together handle both causes effects arising during global calamities humanity sure bring brighter tomorrow benefit all inhabitants planet Earth eventually paving wave less chaotic world free strife turmoil plague today’s society .
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